A few representative video clips are included for each case. The front end electronics has independent channels for each pixel and the data acquisition system has been designed to allow for high framing rates (1 kHz to 1 MHz) at time intervals with different acquisition parameters.Ĭontinuous images of extended magnetically confined fusion plasmas have been acquired with framing rates from 1 to 100 kHz, revealing different types of instabilities. It consists of a pinhole camera provided with a Micro Pattern Gas Detector (MPGD) detector, having a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) as amplifying stage, and a true 2-D pixel read out, working in photon counting mode. A device operating in the range 0.2–10 keV (with capability to be extended to higher energy), has been developed for fast imaging of X-ray emissions of large magnetic fusion plasmas, at ENEA Frascati, Italy in collaboration with INFN-Pisa. This paper will discuss soft X-ray imaging with time resolution in the range of tens to hundreds of microseconds, and continuous frame rate.
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